PS/2 Keyboard connect with ATMEGA16

The mikroC PRO for AVR provides a library for communication with the common PS/2 keyboard.

  Important :

• The library does not utilize interrupts for data retrieval, and requires the oscillator clock to be at least 6MHz.
• The pins to which a PS/2 keyboard is attached should be connected to the pull-up resistors.
• Although PS/2 is a two-way communication bus, this library does not provide MCU-to-keyboard communication; e.g. pressing the Caps Lock key will not turn on the Caps Lock LED.

External dependencies of PS/2 Library

The following variables must be defined in all projects using PS/2 Library:	Description :	Example :
extern sfr sbit PS2_Data;	PS/2 Data line.	sbit PS2_Data at PINC0_bit;
extern sfr sbit PS2_In_Clock;	PS/2 Clock line in.	sbit PS2_In_Clock at PINC1_bit;
extern sfr sbit PS2_Out_Clock;	PS/2 Clock line out.	sbit PS2_Out_Clock at PORTC1_bit;
extern sfr sbit PS2_Data_Direction;	Direction of the PS/2 Data pin.	sbit PS2_Data_Direction at DDC0_bit;
extern sfr sbit PS2_Clock_Direction;	Direction of the PS/2 Clock pin.	sbit PS2_Clock_Direction at DDC1_bit;

Library Routines

• Ps2_Config
• Ps2_Key_Read

Ps2_Config

Prototype	void Ps2_Config();
Returns	Nothing.
Description	Initializes the MCU for work with the PS/2 keyboard.
Requires	Global variables : PS2_Data: Data signal line PS2_In_Clock: Clock signal line in PS2_Out_Clock: Clock signal line out PS2_Data_Direction: Direction of the Data pin PS2_Clock_Direction: Direction of the Clock pin must be defined before using this function.
Example	sbit PS2_Data at PINC0_bit; sbit PS2_In_Clock at PINC1_bit; sbit PS2_Out_Clock at PORTC1_bit; sbit PS2_Data_Direction at DDC0_bit; sbit PS2_Clock_Direction at DDC1_bit; ... Ps2_Config(); // Init PS/2 Keyboard

Ps2_Key_Read

Prototype	unsigned short Ps2_Key_Read(unsigned short *value, unsigned short *special, unsigned short *pressed);
Returns	1 if reading of a key from the keyboard was successful 0 if no key was pressed
Description	The function retrieves information on key pressed. Parameters : value: holds the value of the key pressed. For characters, numerals, punctuation marks, and space value will store the appropriate ASCII code. Routine “recognizes” the function of Shift and Caps Lock, and behaves appropriately. For special function keys . special: is a flag for special function keys (F1, Enter, Esc, etc). If key pressed is one of these, special will be set to 1, otherwise 0. pressed: is set to 1 if the key is pressed, and 0 if it is released.
Requires	PS/2 keyboard needs to be initialized.
Example	unsigned short keydata = 0, special = 0, down = 0; ... // Press Enter to continue: do { if (Ps2_Key_Read(&keydata, &special, &down)) { if (down && (keydata == 16)) break; } } while (1);

Special Function Keys

Key	Value returned
F1	1
F2	2
F3	3
F4	4
F5	5
F6	6
F7	7
F8	8
F9	9
F10	10
F11	11
F12	12
Enter	13
Page Up	14
Page Down	15
Backspace	16
Insert	17
Delete	18
Windows	19
Ctrl	20
Shift	21
Alt	22
Print Screen	23
Pause	24
Caps Lock	25
End	26
Home	27
Scroll Lock	28
Num Lock	29
Left Arrow	30
Right Arrow	31
Up Arrow	32
Down Arrow	33
Escape	34
Tab	35

Library Example

This simple example reads values of the pressed keys on the PS/2 keyboard and sends them via UART.

unsigned short keydata = 0, special = 0, down = 0;
 


sbit PS2_Data         at PINC0_bit;

sbit PS2_Clock_Input  at PINC1_bit;

sbit PS2_Clock_Output at PORTC1_bit;



sbit PS2_Data_Direction   at DDC0_bit;

sbit PS2_Clock_Direction  at DDC1_bit;


void main() {

  UART1_Init(19200);        // Initialize UART module at 19200 bps


Ps2_Config();             // Init PS/2 Keyboard

  Delay_ms(100);            // Wait for keyboard to finish

  UART1_Write_Text("Ready");

  do {

    if (Ps2_Key_Read(&keydata, &special, &down)) {

      if (down && (keydata == 16)) {        // Backspace

         UART1_Write(0x08);
}

      else if (down && (keydata == 13)) {   // Enter

        UART1_Write('r');                  // Send carriage return to usart terminal

        //Usart_Write('n');                // Uncomment this line if usart terminal also expects line feed

                                            // for new line transition

      }

      else if (down && !special && keydata) {
UART1_Write(keydata);

    Delay_ms(10);                           // Debounce
}
    }


} while (1);

}

HW Connection